J.2.2 Dexterity

Individuals with dexterity difficulties experience pain, discomfort, or complete loss of feeling in their fingers, hands, wrists, or arms, making it difficult to use a standard keyboard or mouse. Dexterity difficulties and impairments can be caused by a wide range of common illnesses and accidents such as carpal tunnel, arthritis, stroke, cerebral palsy, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, loss of limbs or digits, spinal cord injuries, and repetitive stress injury.

People with dexterity difficulties and impairments might be interested in the following assistive technology:

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Speech recognition systems, also called voice recognition programs, allow people to give commands and enter data using their voices rather than a mouse or keyboard. On-screen keyboard programs provide an image of a standard or modified keyboard on the computer screen. The user selects the keys with a mouse, touch screen, trackball, joystick, switch, or electronic pointing device. Keyboard filters include typing aids, such as word prediction utilities and add-on spelling checkers. These products reduce the required number of keystrokes. Keyboard filters enable users to access quickly the letters they need and to avoid inadvertently selecting keys they don’t want. Touch screens are devices placed on the computer monitor (or built into it) that allow direct selection or activation of the computer by touching the screen. Alternative input devices (including alternative keyboards, electronic pointing devices, sip-and- puff systems, wands and sticks, joysticks and trackballs) allow individuals to control their computers through means other than a standard keyboard or pointing device.